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Rubber Vulcanizing Activators and Reinforcing Agents (Tire Formulations)
Problem: To improve the vulcanization efficiency and physical properties (tensile strength, abrasion resistance, resilience, etc.) of compounded rubber.
Solution: Use zinc oxide as part of the active additive/accelerator in the formulation, typically at a dosage of approximately 3–10 phr (parts per hundred rubber), in combination with stearic acid or other activators.
Benefits: Accelerated vulcanization crosslinking speed, more stable physical properties, reduced compression set, improved heat/abrasion resistance, and increased production yield and cycle stability.
Mechanism: ZnO forms a complex activator with fatty acids, promoting addition reactions in the rubber and vulcanization system, increasing system activity and crosslinking density.
Note: ZnO particle size and dispersibility affect the final properties; finer powder and good dispersion are beneficial to physical properties; the formulation must balance cost and performance.
Solution: Use zinc oxide as part of the active additive/accelerator in the formulation, typically at a dosage of approximately 3–10 phr (parts per hundred rubber), in combination with stearic acid or other activators.
Benefits: Accelerated vulcanization crosslinking speed, more stable physical properties, reduced compression set, improved heat/abrasion resistance, and increased production yield and cycle stability.
Mechanism: ZnO forms a complex activator with fatty acids, promoting addition reactions in the rubber and vulcanization system, increasing system activity and crosslinking density.
Note: ZnO particle size and dispersibility affect the final properties; finer powder and good dispersion are beneficial to physical properties; the formulation must balance cost and performance.
