Problems: Postoperative redness and swelling, slow wound healing, and mild risk of infection.

Solution: Add zinc oxide (microparticle or nano-modified) to repair/anti-inflammatory creams or dressings, or use in combination with antibacterial/repair factors.

Effects: Promotes epidermal repair, reduces inflammation, provides local antibacterial effects, and contributes to postoperative healing quality and satisfaction.

Mechanism: Zn is a trace element required for skin repair; ZnO provides local Zn and has certain antibacterial and healing-promoting effects.

Note: Prescription-grade products used for invasive postoperative care must follow stricter clinical/device registration pathways; avoid using large amounts of unproven nanomaterials alone on large open wounds.